Examples
CSE citation examples
Pick a source type to see its CSE 9th edition format, worked examples in every system, and the rules that trip people up.
Journal article
Peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and letters in journals.
Haasnoot M, Lawrence J, Magnan AK. Pathways to coastal retreat. Science. 2021;372(6548):1287–1290. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi6594
Book
Whole books, e-books, edited volumes, and handbooks.
De Doncker RW, Duco WJP, Veltman A. Advanced electrical drives: analysis, modeling, control. Springer; 2020.
Book chapter
A chapter or contribution in an edited book.
Geisslitz S, Scherf K. The holy grail of ancient cereals. In: Boukid F, editor. Cereal-based foodstuffs: the backbone of Mediterranean cuisine. Springer; 2021. p 269–301.
Website / web page
Web pages, online articles, and blog posts.
Health equity considerations and racial and ethnic minority groups. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases; 2020 Apr 30 [updated 2022 Jan 25]. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/health-equity/race-ethnicity.html
Newspaper / magazine
Print or online newspaper and magazine articles.
Zimmer C. To speed vaccination, some call for delaying second shots. The New York Times. 2021 Apr 9 [updated 2021 Apr 27]. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/09/health/covid-vaccine-second-dose-delay.html
Report / government document
Technical reports, government and agency publications.
US Environmental Protection Agency. Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990–2020. US Environmental Protection Agency; 2022. Report No.: EPA 430-R-22-003. https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2020
Thesis / dissertation
Doctoral dissertations and master's theses.
Liang S. Transport properties of topological semimetals and non-symmorphic topological insulator [dissertation]. Princeton University; 2020. https://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01vm40xv52n
Conference paper / poster
Papers in proceedings, and posters or talks presented at meetings.
Charles L, Gordner R. Analysis of MedlinePlus en Español customer service requests. Poster session presented at: ¡Futuro magnifico! Celebrating our diversity. MLA ’05: Medical Library Association Annual Meeting; 2005 May 14–19; San Antonio, TX.
Preprint
bioRxiv, medRxiv, arXiv, SSRN, and other preprint servers.
Lopez Bernal J et al. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against the B.1.617.2 variant [preprint]. medRxiv 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.22.21257658
Dataset
Research data in repositories such as Dryad, Zenodo, or GenBank.
Ollomo B, Durand P, Prugnolle F, Douzery E, Arnathau C. Data from: A new malaria agent in African hominids [dataset]. Version 1. Dryad; 2011. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8515
Video / YouTube
Online videos, recorded lectures, and films.
North America’s marine protected areas: protecting marine life [video]. Commission for Environmental Cooperation; 2012 Jun 7. 2:30 min. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Znc_kW3D9xA
Software / code
Software packages, apps, and code repositories.
R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing [software]. Version 4.4.1. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2024. https://www.R-project.org/
Patent
Granted patents and published applications.
Engelhardt TP et al, inventors; Roche Diabetes Care, Inc, assignee. Diabetes manager for glucose testing and continuous glucose monitoring. United States patent US10568511B2. 2020 Feb 25.